Effectiveness of Instructional Program on self-care for Clients with Diabetic Mellitus

Abstract

Objectives: to evaluate the effect of an instructional program on self-care for clients with diabetes mellitus in popular medical clinics. To find out the association between self-care for clients with diabetes mellitus and their socio-demographic characteristics. Methodology: The application of the quasi-experimental design has been done with the application of pre- and post-tests for both study and control groups to obtain the study goals toward the effect of an instructional program on clients’s knowledge and activities toward self-care, sample of 80 diabetes mellitus patients was conducted. The study lasted from October 13, 2023, to May 30, 2022. A probability (randomized) sample was used to obtain representative and accurate data. The instrument of the study was constructed to achieve the desired study objectives. The instrument has been tested for validity and reliability. Results: There are statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest levels of self-care knowledge and self-care activities in both the study and control groups. Results reflected that there were significant correlations between patients’s self-care knowledge at the posttest level with their education level (p =.018), between patients’ knowledge at the pretest level with income (p =.004), and between knowledge at the posttest level with chronic disease at p =.05. Conclusions: Males are more frequently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus than females. The family history factor was clearly observed. There was an increase in knowledge level about DM among the participants after the application of the instructional program. Also, a difference was shown in self-care activities after using the instructional program.