Effectiveness of An Educational Program on Knowledge of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus About Prevention of Late Complications
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic illnesses distinguished by elevated levels of glucose in the blood, known as hyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with irregularities in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, which can lead to late complications such as disorders affecting small blood vessels, large blood vessels, and nerves. Several investigations have provided extensive knowledge among the participants regarding the nature, causes, symptoms, management, and outcomes of DM. An important goal in managing type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM) is to prevent both major and minor complications. Patients with diabetes mellitus have found various educational intervention studies conducted worldwide to be highly helpful in enhancing their knowledge level. Aim: To evaluate effectiveness of educational program regarding late complications.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design, with the application of a pre-test and post-test approach for patients for both the study and control groups. conducted on 80 patients selected by purposive sampling at in Internal consulting unit at ALkarama teaching hospital at Al-kut city during 2024. Data were collected by using self-report questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Results: presented the differences between total knowledge of both study and control groups at pretest and posttest levels. Results reflected that there was only a high significant difference between total knowledge of the study group pretest and posttest levels at p = .000. there were significant correlation between patients knowledge with their level of education at both pretest and posttest level (P= .000 for both levels). Other significant correlation was presented between job of participants with their knowledge at pretest and posttest level (P = .023 and .011 respectively).
Conclusion: Most of the diabetic patients in pre-test have poor knowledge about late complications for diabetes mellitus type II. patient’s knowledge regarding diabetes mellitus type II in post-test increased after implementation of educational program. And this conclusion is proved through the statistical approaches which show that there is a significant increasing in the study group knowledge compared to the control group. Recommendations: Due to the knowledge deficient among diabetic patients about late complications, the Ministry of Health should use a mass media to increase the patients knowledge about prevention late complications diabetes mellitus type II.
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