Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Oral Administration of a Leaf Extract of Origanum majorana in Rats and Investigate Its Natural Components

Abstract

The ancient methods of healing in the past were based on natural remedies and herbs. The last few decades have seen an upsurge in the interest of drug discovery researchers in herbs, as they may cause fewer problems and adverse effects. Medicinal and pharmacological research has been on the increase all over the world due to the increase in demand. In case of inappropriate use of glucose by the body a disease occurs, and the disease is termed as diabetes mellitus. It is a chronic disease that is accompanied by a disproportionate increase in the level of blood glucose, and is caused by either inadequate production of insulin or lack of enough sensitivity of the cells to its activity. An abrupt rise in the level of glucose in the blood, excessive urination, excessive thirst, and inexplicable weight loss are some of the symptoms of this condition. The main objective of this research was to examine the active components of an Origanum majorana leaf extract and the anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties of this extract on mice. Twenty bioactive compounds were identified in the present study: Bis(2,4 dimethylpentadienyl)ruthenium(II), Pentacosanoic acid, methyl ester, 10-Octadecenoic acid, trans, Triacontanoic acid, octadecyl ester, Docosanedioic acid, dimethyl ester, 1,1'-Bicyclopentyl, 2-hexadecyl, Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), 6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-ol, n-Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9-Octadecenoic acid (9Z)-, methyl ester, L-Proline, 1-acetyl, Oleoyl chloride, Dimethyl 2-methylisophthalate, Butanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (E)-, 2,4,7-trimethyl-1H-indene, tau-Cadinol, 2-Octanol, 2,6-dimethyl, 7-Pentadecanone, 7-Pentadecanone, Phytol, and 2,2,3,5-Tetramethylhexane. The impacts of Origanum majorana Leaf methanolic crude extract were observed on the serum enzymes SGPT, SGOT and ALP in rats. The means of the extract given orally to the rats are (79.00±3.95, 89.02±4.67 and 26.00±1.89) in the Origanum majorana Leaf methanolic crude extract group, The values of the inhibitory power against Alpha-amylase were obtained as (76.00±4.90, 58.52±3.86, 31.00±2.18 and 27.06±1.15) respectively, depending on the type of extract (methanol crude extract, ethanol fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and Acarb. It was measured at (48.05±3.61, 35.00±2.70, 22.09±1.03 and 17.00±0.94) respectively. Most likely, the source of this anti-inflammatory potential is the presence of polyphenolic chemicals with anti-inflammatory effects and which may be used in the treatment of disorders related to diabetes.