Anti-inflammatory, Antidiabetic Potential, Antioxidant (Hydrogen peroxide scavenging and Peroxynitrite scavenging activity), and Phytochememical Constitute of Trigonella foenum-graecum
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Trigonella foenum-graecum, α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory
Abstract
Background: Diabetes, as it is known globally, is a chronic and severe metabolic disorder that directly affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This clinical condition is also known as diabetes mellitus. Practically significant rates of morbidity and mortality are associated with it. High blood sugar, in addition to biochemical changes in glucose and fat metabolism, are among the distinct chemical characteristics of this condition. The development of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, beta-cell destruction, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes are associated with both hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, respectively. We must also mention that these factors play a decisive role in the development of these conditions. One of the most important therapeutic agents that can actually be used in managing this disease is using natural medical herbal treatments.
Objective: Parts isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum extract are studied in vitro for their bioactive components and possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties.
Methods: The antioxidant activity was determined by conducting an experiment that utilized both peroxynitrite free radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. Also, Trigonella foenum-graecum was tested for its inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase using a substrate-based enzyme inhibition methodology. Researchers found that SGOT, SGPT, and ALP activities in rat serum had changed. A p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant.
Results: In this study, the IC50 value of the antioxidant activity (scavenging hydrogen peroxide) of the crude plant extract used in this study and its molecules was recorded from 65.23 ± 2.71 μg/ml to 29.11 ± 1.31 μg/ml. Likewise, the IC50 value for α-amylase inhibition ranged from 119.14 ± 0.38 μg/mL to 43.05 ± 0.09 μg/mL. Similarly, the IC50 value of crude methanol extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum against α-glucosidase was 65.55 ± 0.14μg/mL. On the other anti-inflammatory side, a significant decrease (P < 0.01) was recorded in the elevated SGPT and ALP activities in the serum of mice treated with Trigonella foenum-graecum extract (0.5 ml/kg).
Conclusion: Enzymes like α-glucosidase and α-amylase can be inhibited by the powerful antioxidant Trigonella foenum-graecum. More research is required to determine which compounds block, though.
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