Association of ABO and Rh blood groups, Demographics and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and Its Complication
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Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are members of the family Coronaviridae, the enveloped viruses that possess extraordinarily large single-stranded RNA genomes ranging from 26 to 32 kilobases in length. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is a strain of coronavirus that causes COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), the respiratory illness responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.The virus previously had a provisional name, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), SARS-CoV-2, the viruses emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan of China and a great effort is being undertaken to contain its spreading. To find the association of the SARS‑CoV‑2 with blood type and Rh 105 smples were collected from different places in Thiqar governorate. The samples were collected from patients at different ages and genders. The period of study was from October 2021 to May 2022. The frequency distribution of blood type among 105 SARS‑CoV‑2 infected individuals represented the observed a high frequency of of blood group O+ (n=44, 41.9%) followed by A+ (n= 26, 24.8%) , B+(n=23 , 21.9% ) ,AB+(n= 9, 8.6% ), O- (n=2 ,1.9 % ) ,B -(n=1, 1.0% ) respectively , and no patients were A-, No association between blood group B- and risk of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection was found. Result indicated that 10 (23.26%) of type A , 4(13.95%) of type B , 6(9.30%) of type AB and 23(53.49%) of type O on ICU . While there was 16 (25.81%) of type A , 20 (4.84%) of type B ,3 (32,26%) of type AB and 23 (37.10%) of type O that weren’t need for ICU care . Also there were 42(97.67%) positive rhesus and 1(2.33%) negative rhesus needed for ICU care .while 60 (96.77%) positive rhesus and 2 (3.23%) negative rhesus weren’t need for ICU care. although, SARS‑CoV‑2 was significantly more seen with the blood group O. Concluded that SARS-CoV-2 complication increase in obese patients and elder patients and may led to death. SARS-CoV-2 was significantly more seen with the blood group O. There is no clear association between SARS-CoV-2 and blood group, however we found that O+ and A+ most susceptible to the infection. Patient with blood type A are most frequent admission to the intensive care unit.
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