Assessment of liver enzymes and lipid profile in male albino rate which treated with non-steroidal antiestrogen anti-cancer drug tamoxifen
Abstract
Abstract
The second most common cancer-related cause of death, particularly for women, is breast cancer, which is a serious global health issue. A non-steroidal antiestrogen known as tamoxifen (TAM) is utilized as a chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive medication for breast cancer. This study's objective was to look into how tamoxifen may affect the GOT and GPT liver enzymes., and assessment the related tamoxifen with lipid profile .
Materials and methods: For this experiment, fifty male albino rats were employed. Three equal groups of fifty albino rats were created: group I (control), group II (treated), and group III (treated). tow groups given the drug tamoxifen , it was orally administered in dose of 20 and 40 mg /day /day through or gastric tube for 28 days .
Result : The liver enzyme assessment showed significant increased (p>0.05) in both enzyme GOT and GPT in group two which treated with 20 mg /kg / day and group three which treated with 40 mg/kg/day of tamoxifen drug compared with control group which treated with distil water only.in other hand the lipid profile assessment appeared significant decrease (p≤0.05) of serum triglyceride and cholesterol in both treatment groups compare to control group.
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REFERENCES
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12. Kintzel, P. E. and Robert, T. D. (1995): Anticancer drug renal toxicity and elimination: dosing guidelines for altered renal function. Cancer treatment reviews, 21: 33-64.
13. Cullins, S. L.; Pridjian, G. and Sutherland, C. M. (1994): Goldenhar’s Syndrome associated with tamoxifen given to the mother during gestation. Lancet, 271: 1905–1906.
14. Sato, T.; Ohta, Y.; Okamura, H.; Hayashi, S. and Iguchi, T. (1996): Estrogen receptor (ER) and its messenger ribonucleic acid expression in the genital tract of female mice exposed neonatally to tamoxifen and diethylstilbestrol.Anat. Rec., 244: 374–385.
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21. Hamada N, Ogawa Y, Saibara T, Murata Y, Kariya S, NishiokaA, Terashima M, Inomata T, Yoshida S. Toremifene-inducedfatty liver and NASH in breast cancer patients with breast-con-servation treatment. Int J Oncol 2000;17:1119–235.
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24. Perou CM, Sørlie T, Eisen MB, van de Rijn M, Jeffrey SS, Rees CA, Pollack JR, Ross DT, Johnsen H, Akslen LA, et al: Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature. 406:747–752. 2000.
25. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Coates AS, Gelber RD, Thürlimann B and Senn HJ: Panel members: Strategies for subtypes - dealing with the diversity of breast cancer: Highlights of the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2011. Ann Oncol. 22:1736–1747. 2011.
26. Cuzick J, Powles T, Veronesi U, Forbes J, Edwards R, Ashley S and Boyle P: Overview of the main outcomes in breast cancer prevention trials. Lancet 361: 296 300, 2003.
27. Yang G, Nowsheen S, Aziz K and Georgakilas AG: Toxicity and adverse effects of Tamoxifen and other anti estrogen drugs. Pharmacol Ther 139: 392 404, 2013.
28. Lee MH, Kim JW, Kim JH, Kang KS, Kong G and Lee MO: Gene expression profiling of murine hepatic steatosis induced by tamoxifen. Toxicol Lett 199: 416 424, 2010.
29. Murata Y, Ogawa Y, Saibara T, Nishioka A, Fujiwara Y, Fukumoto M, Inomata T, Enzan H, Onishi S and Yoshida S: Unrecognized hepatic steatosis and non alcoholic steatohepatitis in adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer patients. Oncol Rep 7: 1299 1304, 2000.
30. Labbe G, Pessayre D and Fromenty B: Drug induced liver injury through mitochondrial dysfunction: Mechanisms and detection during preclinical safety studies. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 22: 335 353, 2008.
31. Carthew P, Martin EA, White IN, De Matteis F, Edwards RE, Dorman BM, Heydon RT and Smith LL: Tamoxifen induces short term cumulative DNA damage and liver tumors in rats: Promotion by phenobarbital. Cancer Res 55: 544 547, 1995.
32. Vince AR, Hayes MA, Jefferson BJ and Stalker MJ: Hepatic injury correlates with apoptosis, regeneration, and nitric oxide synthase expression in canine chronic liver disease. Vet Pathol 51: 932 945, 2014.
33. Gao, F. F., Lv, J. W., Wang, Y., Fan, R., Li, Q., Zhang, Z., & Wei, L. (2016). Tamoxifen induces hepatotoxicity and changes to hepatocyte morphology at the early stage of endocrinotherapy in mice. Biomedical reports, 4(1), 102-106.
34. Gao, F. F., Lv, J. W., Wang, Y., Fan, R., Li, Q., Zhang, Z., & Wei, L. (2016). Tamoxifen induces hepatotoxicity and changes to hepatocyte morphology at the early stage of endocrinotherapy in mice. Biomedical reports, 4(1), 102-106.
35. Bowden DA, McLeanP, Steinmetz A , et al. 1989 Lipoprotein, apolipoprotein, and lipolytic enzyme changes following estrogen administration in postmenopausal women. J Lipid Res . 30 1895- 1906.
36. Alomar A, Găman M. The effect of tamoxifen on the lipid profile in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2022 .
1. Elefsiniotis, I. S., Pantazis, K. D., Ilias, A., Pallis, L. Tamoxifen induced hepatotoxicity in breast cancer patients with pre-existing liver steatosis: the role of glucose intolerance. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology. (2004); 16(6): 593-598.
2. Lazzeroni, M., Serrano, D., Dunn, B. K., Heckman-Stoddard, B. M., Lee, O., Khan, S., & Decensi, A. (2012). Oral low dose and topical tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention: modern approaches for an old drug. Breast Cancer Research, 14(5): 1-11.
3. Fisher, B.; Costantino, J.P.; Wickerham, D.L.; Cecchini, R.S.; Cronin, W.M. et al. (2005): Tamoxifen for the prevention of breast cancer: current status of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 study. J Natl Cancer Inst., 97: 1652-1662.
4. Desai,P.; Nallani,S.; Sane,R.; Moore, L. ;Goodwin, B.; Buckley,D. and Buckley, A. (2002): Drug Metab.Dispos., 30: 608-612
5. Colleoni, M.; Gelber, S.; Goldhirsch, A.; Aebi, S. and Castiglione-Gertsch, M. (2006):Tamoxifen after adjuvant chemotherapy for premenopausal women with lymph node- positive breast cancer: International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial 13-93. J Clin Oncol, 24: 1332-1341.
6. Tan-Chiu, E.; Wang, J.; Castantino, J.P. et al. (2003): Effect of tamoxifen on benigen breast disease in woman at high risk for breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst, 19: 95(4): 302-307
7. Dray,X., Tainturier,M.H., De La Lande, P., Marty,O., Mallet, L., (2000): Gastroenterol Clin.Biol., 24: 1122-1133.
8. Elefsiniotis, I.S.; Pantazis, K.D.; Ilias, A.; Pallis, L.; Mariolis, A.; Glynou, I. et al.; (2004): Eur.J.Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 16: 593-598.
9. Parvez, S.; Tabassum, H.; Rehmana, H.; Dev-Banerjee, B. et al. (2006): Toxicology, 225: 109-118.
10. Jin, Y.; Desta, Z.; Stearns, V.; Ward, V.; Skaar,T. and Storniolo, A. M. (2005): J.Nat.Cancer Inst., 97: 30-39.
11. Dragan, Y.P.; Fahey, S.; Nuwaysir, E.; Sattler, C.;Babcock, K.; Vaughan,J.; McCague, R. et al.(1996): The effect of tamoxifen and two of its non-isomerizable fixed-ring analogs on multistage rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, 17: 585-94.
12. Kintzel, P. E. and Robert, T. D. (1995): Anticancer drug renal toxicity and elimination: dosing guidelines for altered renal function. Cancer treatment reviews, 21: 33-64.
13. Cullins, S. L.; Pridjian, G. and Sutherland, C. M. (1994): Goldenhar’s Syndrome associated with tamoxifen given to the mother during gestation. Lancet, 271: 1905–1906.
14. Sato, T.; Ohta, Y.; Okamura, H.; Hayashi, S. and Iguchi, T. (1996): Estrogen receptor (ER) and its messenger ribonucleic acid expression in the genital tract of female mice exposed neonatally to tamoxifen and diethylstilbestrol.Anat. Rec., 244: 374–385.
15. Pan, H. J., Chang, H. T., & Lee, C. H. (2016). Association between tamoxifen treatment and the development of different stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among breast cancer patients. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 115(6), 411-417.
16. Chitturi S, Farrell GC. Etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic steato-hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis 2001;21:27–416.
17. Peppercorn PD, Reznek RH, Wilson P, et al. Demonstration of hepatic steatosis by computerized tomography in patientsreceiving 5-fluorouracil-based therapy for advanced colorectalcancer. Br J Cancer 1998;77:2008–117.
18. Sorensen P, Edal AL, Madsen EL, et al. Reversible hepaticsteatosis in patients treated with interferon alfa-2a and 5-fluoro-uracil. Cancer 1995;75:2592–68. Norum J. 5-Fluorouracil/levomisole induced intrahepatic fatinfiltration imitating liver metastasis. Acta Oncol 1995;34:971–29.
19. Song, D., Hu, Y., Diao, B., Miao, R., Zhang, B., Cai, Y., ... & Hu, X. (2021). Effects of Tamoxifen vs. Toremifene on fatty liver development and lipid profiles in breast Cancer. BMC cancer, 21(1), 1-11.
20. Murata Y, Ogawa Y, Saibara T, Nishioka A, Fujiwara Y, Fu-kumoto M, Inomata T, Enzan H, Onishi S, Yoshida S. Unrec-ognized hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis inadjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer patients. Oncol Rep2000;7:1299–3044.
21. Hamada N, Ogawa Y, Saibara T, Murata Y, Kariya S, NishiokaA, Terashima M, Inomata T, Yoshida S. Toremifene-inducedfatty liver and NASH in breast cancer patients with breast-con-servation treatment. Int J Oncol 2000;17:1119–235.
22. Less WR. Ultrasound of liver and spleen. In: Sutton D, editors. A textbook of radiology and imaging. London: Churchill Living-stone; 1993. p. 457–72
23. Al-Hajj M, Wicha MS, Benito-Hernandez A, Morrison SJ and Clarke MF: Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100:3983–3988. 2003.
24. Perou CM, Sørlie T, Eisen MB, van de Rijn M, Jeffrey SS, Rees CA, Pollack JR, Ross DT, Johnsen H, Akslen LA, et al: Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature. 406:747–752. 2000.
25. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Coates AS, Gelber RD, Thürlimann B and Senn HJ: Panel members: Strategies for subtypes - dealing with the diversity of breast cancer: Highlights of the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2011. Ann Oncol. 22:1736–1747. 2011.
26. Cuzick J, Powles T, Veronesi U, Forbes J, Edwards R, Ashley S and Boyle P: Overview of the main outcomes in breast cancer prevention trials. Lancet 361: 296 300, 2003.
27. Yang G, Nowsheen S, Aziz K and Georgakilas AG: Toxicity and adverse effects of Tamoxifen and other anti estrogen drugs. Pharmacol Ther 139: 392 404, 2013.
28. Lee MH, Kim JW, Kim JH, Kang KS, Kong G and Lee MO: Gene expression profiling of murine hepatic steatosis induced by tamoxifen. Toxicol Lett 199: 416 424, 2010.
29. Murata Y, Ogawa Y, Saibara T, Nishioka A, Fujiwara Y, Fukumoto M, Inomata T, Enzan H, Onishi S and Yoshida S: Unrecognized hepatic steatosis and non alcoholic steatohepatitis in adjuvant tamoxifen for breast cancer patients. Oncol Rep 7: 1299 1304, 2000.
30. Labbe G, Pessayre D and Fromenty B: Drug induced liver injury through mitochondrial dysfunction: Mechanisms and detection during preclinical safety studies. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 22: 335 353, 2008.
31. Carthew P, Martin EA, White IN, De Matteis F, Edwards RE, Dorman BM, Heydon RT and Smith LL: Tamoxifen induces short term cumulative DNA damage and liver tumors in rats: Promotion by phenobarbital. Cancer Res 55: 544 547, 1995.
32. Vince AR, Hayes MA, Jefferson BJ and Stalker MJ: Hepatic injury correlates with apoptosis, regeneration, and nitric oxide synthase expression in canine chronic liver disease. Vet Pathol 51: 932 945, 2014.
33. Gao, F. F., Lv, J. W., Wang, Y., Fan, R., Li, Q., Zhang, Z., & Wei, L. (2016). Tamoxifen induces hepatotoxicity and changes to hepatocyte morphology at the early stage of endocrinotherapy in mice. Biomedical reports, 4(1), 102-106.
34. Gao, F. F., Lv, J. W., Wang, Y., Fan, R., Li, Q., Zhang, Z., & Wei, L. (2016). Tamoxifen induces hepatotoxicity and changes to hepatocyte morphology at the early stage of endocrinotherapy in mice. Biomedical reports, 4(1), 102-106.
35. Bowden DA, McLeanP, Steinmetz A , et al. 1989 Lipoprotein, apolipoprotein, and lipolytic enzyme changes following estrogen administration in postmenopausal women. J Lipid Res . 30 1895- 1906.
36. Alomar A, Găman M. The effect of tamoxifen on the lipid profile in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2022 .
Authors
Hadi, A. J. . (2023). Assessment of liver enzymes and lipid profile in male albino rate which treated with non-steroidal antiestrogen anti-cancer drug tamoxifen. Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion, 6(08), 1694–1699. https://doi.org/10.52845/CMRO/2023/6-8-8
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