A Case Report of Nephrotic Syndrome with Anasarca
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition characterized by Proteinuria, Hypoalbuminemia, Edema, Hyperlipidemia. Nephrotic syndrome is caused by damaged to the clusters of small blood vessels in the kidney that filter waste products and the excessive water from the blood. A 35-year-old male patient admitted in the general medicine ward with chief complaints of swelling over the face,hand and then whole body from 5 years. While there are several more common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults.if patient can take proper medication they can decrease the edema and improve their condition.
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References
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Biosecure Entomology Laboratory. (2006). Culex (Culex) sitiens Wiedemann.Version 1.
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Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. (2017). Profil Kesehatan Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2016.
Ferraguti, M., Martinez -de la Puente, J., Roiz, D., Ruiz, S., Soriguer, R., Figuerola, J. (2016). Effects of landscape anthropization on mosquito community composition and abundance. Sci Rep, 6, 29002.
Gunawan S & Marwoto H. (1991). Penelitian Penyakit Menular di Indonesia Bagian Timur. Media Litbangkes, 1(4), 35–49.
Heriyanto B, Boewono DT, Widiarti, Boesri H, Widyastuti U, Ch.P Blondine, et al. (2011). Atlas Vektor Indonesia (B. B. K. RI (ed.)).
Kauffman E., Payne A., Franke MA., Schmid MA., Harris E., K. I. (2017). Rearing of Culex spp. and Aedes spp. mosquitoes. Bio Protoc, 7(17), e2542.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2015). Sistem Kesehatan Nasional. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. http://www.depkes.go.id.
Kwon, YS, Bae, MJ., Chung, N., Lee, YR, Hwang, S., Kim, SA, et al. (2015). Modelling occurrence of urban mosquitoes based on land use types and meteorological factors in Korea. International Journal Environ. Res. Public Health, 12, 13131–13147.
Lawal, M.D.,Fabiyi, J.P., Mohammed, A.A., Alayandi, M.D., Mahmuda, A., Usman, M. & Mohammed, I. S. (2012). Preferred breeding sites of different mosquito species in Sokoto Township and Environs. Continental Journal Biological Sciences, 5 (I), 1–3.
Manguin S., B. C. (2011). Global impact of mosquito biodiversity, human vector-borne diseases and environmental change. In: The importance of biological interactions in the study of biodiversity. Intech Open Limited.
Narain, J.P., Dash, A.P., Parnell,B., Bhattacharya,S.K, Barua,S., & Bhatia R., et al. (2010). Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases in the South-East Asia Region of The World Health Organization. Bulletin World Health Organization, 88, 206–210. https://doi.org/doi: 10.2471/BLT.09.072322
Partono, F., Sri Oemijati, Arbain J,H. Sajidiman, J.Putrali, Michael DC, W.P.C. & J.H. (1977). Malayan Filariasis in Central Sulawesi (Celebes) Indonesia. Southeast Asian J.Trop.Med.Publ.Hlth, 8, 452–458.
Rajakumar G., A. R. A. (2011). Larvicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles using Eclipta prostrata leaf extract against filariasis and malaria vectors. Acta Tropica, 118(3), 196–203.
Rattanarithikul, R. (1982). A guide to the genera of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Thailand with illustrated keys, biological notes and preservation and mounting techniques. Mosq Syst, 14, 139–208
Roche B., Rohani P., Dobson AP, G. J. (2013). The impact of community organization on vector-borne pathogens. Amer Nat, 181 (1), 1–11.
Rueda IM. (2008). Global diversity of mosquitoes (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia, 595(1), 477–487
Safitri A. (2011). Laporan akhir penelitian Identifikasi vektor dan vektor potensial daerah endemis filariasis di Kalimantan Selatan
Silver John B. (2008). Mosquito ecology: field sampling methods (3rd editio). Springer.
Stojanovich JC, S. H. (1966). Illustrated key to mosquitoes of Vietnam. US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Communicable Disease Center.
Vourc’h G., Plantard O., M. S. (2012). How does biodiversity influence the ecology of infectious diseases? In New Frontiers of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases. Springer.
WHO. (2013). Lymphatic Filariasis. A handbook of practical entomology for national lymphatic filariasis elimination programmes. WHO Press
WHO. (2017). Ethical issues associated with vector borne diseases. World Health Organization.
Authors
Paul, P. ., Raj , R. ., & Sinwal, A. (2022). A Case Report of Nephrotic Syndrome with Anasarca. Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion, 5(12), 1494–1496. https://doi.org/10.52845/CMRO/2022/5-12-1
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