Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion

Physical well-being and School Performance in Children with Thalassemia in Mosul City

Mohammed Abdul-Aziz Ali, Nawaf Mohammed Dhahir — Sun, 07 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: This study aimed at assess physical well-being and school performance for children with thalassemia .And to find out the association between some demographic characteristics and physical well-being and school performance.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of (101) thalassemic children between the age of (3-12 ) years who received treatment at Al-Hadbaa Specialist Hospital for ,Mosul City, Iraq for the period from 1^st November 2023 to 5^th January 2024.physical well-being and school performance were assessed by utilizing the version 4.0 of the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Generic Core Scale questionnaire.

Results: The result of the study showed that the majority of the participants was the age group (9-12) and (50.5%)of the study sample was female .Over half (65.3%) of patient have family history of thalassemia .The highest percentage of patients (59.4%) received three weekly blood transfusions. The general mean for physical well-being and school performance was 2.063 and 1.86, respectively

Conclusion: The present study indicates that thalassemia children has a moderate physical well-being and a good school performance.

Recommendations: The study recommended providing programs that educate parents about thalassemia to improve their understanding of managing thalassemia. The dissemination of knowledge regarding thalassemia and its mode of transmission should be emphasized by the media.

An Analysis the Ability of Acacia Glauca Plant to Absorb Sulfur Dioxide and Its Impact on Its Pigments and Antioxidant

Sura Razzaq Manhee Al-Jaba , Ameera O. Hussain Al‐Janabi — Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The research focuses on how Acacia glauca produce chlorophyll pigments and antitoxins during winter seasons when exposure to SO₂ gas. The findings show that the plant react differently to SO2 exposure depending on the season and duration of exposure. In winter displayed varying levels of chlorophyll pigments with Acacia glauca demonstrating resilience compared to controls values . the exposure of Acacia glauca to SO2 cause non-significantly decrease in its concentration of chlorophyll A, whereas this concentration was decreased from 7.44 to 6.09 mg/g after the second while in third exposures increase 10.20 mg/g. while its concentration of chlorophyll b was range between ( 13.42 , 9.88 and 18.70 mg/g) respectively. Concentrations of carotenoid) were non-significantly decreased after second (from 20.87 b into 15.97 bc mg/g) and increase in third exposure (28.90 a) to SO₂.

tannin levels in Acacia glauca experienced a decrease after the exposure.. Remained relatively unchanged in Acacia glauca. SO₂ exposure, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels rose in plant with notable variations observed in multiple exposures for Acacia glauca. while POD levels decreased significantly in Acacia glauca after repeated exposures.

Developments in the Analysis of Biological Volatile Organic Compounds: Breast cancer and Cystic Fibrosis Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The technique of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics is highly suitable for the identification and quantification of small molecular metabolites (with a molecular weight of less than 650 daltons). These metabolites encompass small acids, alcohols, hydroxyl acids, amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, sterols, catecholamines, drugs, and toxins. In order to make these compounds volatile enough for gas chromatography, chemical derivatization is frequently employed. The purpose of this unit is to demonstrate that GC-MS-based metabolomics makes it possible to simply integrate targeted tests for absolute quantification of certain metabolites with untargeted metabolomics in order to find novel substances. GC-MS is able to detect and semi-quantify approximately 200 substances per study in human body fluids (such as plasma, urine, or stool) samples. This capability is complemented by database annotations that make use of huge spectral libraries and validated, standardised standard operating procedures. Similar to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) untargeted profiling, deconvolution software enables the detection of more than 300 extra unidentified signals. These signals can be annotated by using precise mass instruments and proper data processing methods. Because of this, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a well-established technique that not only makes use of traditional detectors (quadrupole), but also target mass spectrometers (triple quadrupole) and accurate mass instruments (quadrupole-time of flight).

Assessment of Mothers' Knowledge about Breastfeeding Premature Infants in Mosul city

Muneera Ibrahim Kaleel, Mahmoud, Mohammad Ahmed — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The first year of life's nutrition lays a crucial foundation for long-term health. The objective of the study to assess mothers’ knowledge about breastfeeding premature infants in Mosul city.

Methodology: A descriptive study design was conducted at neonatal care units in Mosul hospitals. Non probability sampling (purposive sample) method was selected for the study, which comprised of 221 mothers from preterm infant mothers. Data were collected through face-to-face interview by constricted questionnaire based on previous studies. The period of the study conducted from the 22 of November 2023 until 20^th of March / 2024. Descriptive statistics was used to calculated using SPSS software version 26, One –Sample Chi-Square test, and Wilcoxon test.

Results: the study results showed significant differences, with the observed median reaching (2.45) and the hypothesized median at (2), indicating that most women have good breastfeeding information. suggesting that the majority of women are aware of breastfeeding.

Conclusion: The researchers concluded that there is good knowledge among mothers about breastfeeding their premature infants, and medical and nursing guidance played a major role in improving this knowledge.

Mathematical Modeling of Blood Flow Dynamics in the Cardiovascular System: Assumptions, Considerations, and Simulation Results

Shabab Akbar, Sapna Ratan Shah — Tue, 09 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The study of fluid dynamics is crucial to understanding fluid flow in the human body, and cardiovascular physics places a lot of concentration on blood flow modelling. Nevertheless, the models that have been created thus far with three-dimensional analysis are extremely complex. This research work offers study of blood pressure, flow and other flow-related parameters. Modelling artery was an extensible circular pipe with oscillating blood flow. Understanding factors that could lead to high blood pressure as one of the reasons for studying blood flow. The cardiovascular system equation is a straightforward differential equation that was developed under certain assumptions using Navier-Stokes equations. Generic study of normal blood flow was then created by applying some assumptions to the equation for the cardiovascular system. Poisuelli's equation was then used to extend this model to account for normal blood pressure. Upon completion of this study, an analysis was conducted to ascertain the validity of the suggested problem. According to the analysis, the model is able to account for various blood pressure and other flow characteristics of blood.

Anticoagulant, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activity : Biological Activity and Investigation of Bioactive Natural Compounds Using FTIR and GC-MS Techniques

Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Patients suffering from coagulation abnormalities can benefit from the use of anticoagulants as therapies. These plants have anticoagulant characteristics, and it has been established that medicinal plants have been used throughout history as a conventional treatment for this illness. Haemorrhage or bleeding that is brought on by damage or injury to blood vessels can be stopped by the body through a homeostatic mechanism known as blood coagulation. A number of diseases, including haemophilia, which is brought on by deficiencies or absences of certain coagulation factors, have the potential to be extremely dangerous and even sometimes fatal. It is possible for abnormal blood clots and needless coagulation to obstruct normal blood flow, which in turn prevents oxygen and nutrients from reaching the tissues that are next to the affected area. As a result, the use of medicinal plants in institutions ought to be taken into consideration, particularly in situations in which patients make the decision to buy and use herbs without first consulting a medical professional. A wide variety of medicinal plants have a significant capacity for antioxidants. A wide variety of human disorders, including as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory diseases, can be effectively treated with antioxidants because they lessen the oxidative stress that occurs within cells. Extracts from the stems, roots, bark, leaves, fruits, and seeds of a number of significant medicinal plants are examined in this research to determine their possible antioxidant properties. However, many plant species have antioxidant potentials that are comparable to those of synthetic antioxidants like butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxylanisole (BHA). These synthetic antioxidants are often utilised as food additives. In the fight against pathogenic microorganisms, chemicals derived from medicinal plants might offer fresh and uncomplicated techniques. The antibacterial activity of medicinal plants is the subject of this discussion, with particular emphasis placed on the challenges that are ongoing and the prospects for the future. Although medicinal plant extracts have been shown to be effective against microorganisms, there are certain inherent difficulties associated with their use.

Attachment between Mother and Premature Baby: A quasi-Experimental Study

Sahar Hassan, WH Shaker — Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Preterm birth represents a global health concern. Maternal attachment is the foundation for the relationship of the mother and newborn. It promotes the healthy development of the newborn and influence the physical and mental growth of the newborn. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) promotes maternal-newborn attachment and emotional connection and extend beyond the neonatal period.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of KMC on maternal attachments of mothers with premature newborns.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 50 mothers of premature newborns who were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and Kangaroo Mother Care Unit. A questionnaire comprising demographic information and the Attachment scale between Mother and Newborn Children were used as data collection tools. All data analysis was performed using Jamovi software version 25. Significant level is considered P < 0.05.

Results: After the intervention, the levels of maternal attachment of mothers in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group (47.7 ± 2.9vs. 40.4 ± 5.4, P = 0.003). After the intervention, the newborns in the intervention group have a significantly higher number of breastfeeding than the control group (10.6 ± 1.8 vs. 8.2 ± 1.6, P = 0.000). Moreover, the newborn of the intervention group had a statistically significant higher weight at discharge time (2164.4 ± 481.1 vs. 1965.2 ± 372, P = 0.042).

Conclusion: KMC improves the newborn-maternal attachment scores compared to the conventional care. Additionally, it improved the breastfeeding and weight gain of the preterm newborns

Nursing Students’ Knowledge about Caring for the Elderly

Nasir Muwfaq Younis, Yasein Hasan Ismail Salih — Mon, 15 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The population is getting older, and the age group of adults 65 and older is the fastest growing, with significant increases, particularly in developing countries.

Objective:To assess the Nursing students’ knowledge about caring for the Elderly.

Methods: A descriptive study carried out at the University of Mosul in the Nineveh Governorate between February 2, 2024, and January 3, 2024. For this investigation, probability (a simple random sample) was chosen. 100 students make up the sample of nursing students at Mosul University. A special consent form was used to obtain the subject's consent to participate in the study.

Results: The results of this study indicate that the majority of the sample, which consisted of 100 nursing students, was between the ages of 18 and 20 (65%). The male sample was larger than the female sample by 66%, and 79% of the sample lived in an urban area. Additionally, a high percentage of the sample—81%) was single.

Conclusion: The study came to the conclusion that one of its shortcomings is that it only included nursing students from one university and a relatively small sample size, which limits how broadly the research's conclusions can be applied. A larger sample size, however, might yield better results in the future. The findings also show that nursing students in Mosul City, Iraq, have little awareness of the negative effects of older adults

Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Antihyperglycemic, Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Anticoagulant Activity

Thu, 11 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

All forms of life contain natural compounds, each of which has a unique structure and can be found in a variety of forms. Tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids are only some of the metabolites that function as a defence mechanism in living organisms. These metabolites are obviously molecules that are of interest to the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Plants, microbes, and insects are all examples of suppliers of biomolecules that have a wide range of actions, yet in many cases, these biomolecules have not been thoroughly investigated. In order to make use of these molecules for a variety of purposes, it is necessary to have a solid understanding of their structure, concentrations, and the potential for biological activity. Since the 1950s, in vitro techniques have been developed that measure the biological activity of the molecules of interest without the presence of the molecules themselves. As of right now, a variety of strategies have arisen in order to overcome some of the restrictions that these old procedures have, primarily through reductions in the amount of time and money required. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the interactions between herbal drugs that have been used for the treatment of blood coagulation, as well as the effect of herbal pharmaceuticals on anticoagulant therapy in secondary metabolites composed of medicinal plants. This review is comprised of multiple papers. It has been demonstrated that tridax procumbent possesses a multitude of active constitutions that have therapeutic value and are a significant source of anticoagulant treatment. The urgent requirement to expand the capacity for analysis of an increasing number of biomolecules that have been reported is the driving force behind the continued appearance of these developing technologies. Inflammation is a pathologic condition that encompasses a wide variety of diseases, including rheumatic and immune-mediated ailments, diabetes, cardiovascular accidents, and a variety of other conditions.

GC-MS profiling of Volatile Metabolites produced by Enterococcus faecalis and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity

Mays Hassan Obais Alkhalidi , Rabab J.H. Al Hasseny , Sabreen M. Abes — Sun, 14 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Aims and Objectives:

The purpose of this laboratory study was to study the truly biologically active chemical compounds produced by Enterococcus faecalis and to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal bioactivity of these products.

Method:

In this research, (GC-MS) techniques were used to investigate the biochemical components that are commonly referred to as bioactive substances. At the same time, these bioactive substances are referred to as bioactive secondary metabolites. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract of Enterococcus faecalis was tested in an experimental laboratory to determine whether it actually has effective antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Results:

Using GC-MS analysis on Enterococcus faecalis, the presence of the following bioactive components was experimentaly identified: 2-methyl-1-propenol, 2-pentene, 4-methyl-2,4-diphenyl, 2,4-methyl Dioxo-4-phenylbutanoate, 2 -pentnone, -phenylbutan-2-yl acetate, methyl 2-(butn-2-ylsulfanyl)acetate, trithylene glycol bis(2-ethyl butyrate), methyl 2-(butan-2-ylsulfanyl)) Acetate, triethylene glycol PS (2-ethyl butyrate), 3-mercapto-2-pentenone, ethyl 2-ethylhexanoate, 3-methylbutyl acetate. Metabolites of Enterococcus faecalis showed significant activity against Proteus mirabilis (20.18 ± 0.04). Metabolites of Enterococcus faecalis were highly active against Fusarium oxyporum (13.76 ± 0.17).

Exploring the Multifaceted Impact of Pediatric Pneumonia Hospitalization on Families

Dr. Zina Saleam Huntush , Dr. Amer Mohammed Al-Taie — Sun, 14 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

History: Pneumonia in children, which is a relatively common disorder burdening kids, can not only lead to health problems but also unwittingly burden family with psychosocial pressures. Recognition of the fact that there are significant consequences which hospitalization creates is essential in order to assure that there would be effective and personalized care.

Objective(s): This analysis is directed at finding out how does the psychosocial effect of having a child hospitalized because of pneumonia on families, wherein the researcher will take into consideration the length and frequency of hospitalization.

Methodology: However, due to the nature of my study, I decided to apply both qualitative and quantitative methods, more specifically, to combine these qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys.

The participants comprise 100 parents and caregivers of children diagnosed with pneumonia. (n.b. = denotes sample size) Qualitative data was analyzed through a thematic approach, exploring emotional states, coping strategies and sociological issues. The questionnaire with categorical questions were estimated by using the statistical tools, the frequency and the duration of the hospitalization were assessed.

Results: It has been shown that while 100 (n = 100) participants experienced predominantly mild effects of pediatric pneumonia, there were also severe impacts affecting 3 (n = 3) participants. The figures of hospitalizations were marked as the most meaningful factor, impacting the patients' hospital stay time. Those observations, therefore, contour the distinct complexity of the psychosocial condition on families with the family members thereby calling for the customized interventions.

Recommendations: So to sum up, clinicians should include personalized methods to help the families cope for both the times when the child is hospitalized and the hospital stay duration. In addition, these group of activities could comprise of individual counseling, provision of financial assistance, educational resources to help with coping strategy.

Conclusion: This study aims at investigating the psychological and social aspects of being a parent or family member in a hospital if one's child has pneumonia. The study just stressed that, on the average effects were mild, but it also marked out some important associations between hospitalization frequency and duration. These details allow to obtain a more elaborate and detailed granular picture about vulnerability and frailty, which are used for a targeted program creation for garage work in providing comprehensive care.

Biological Activities of Silver Nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria

Sun, 14 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the past two decades, nanotechnology and secondary particle research have become one of the most important areas in modern materials science research, attracting great interest in the fields of electronics, biology, solar energy conversion. Catalysis medicine and water treatment due to the distinctive properties of secondary particles.Among the noble metals, we find that silver (Ag) is the preferred metal in the field of biological systems, living organisms, and medicine. Humans have known its medicinal properties for two thousand years 11-13, and it has been used as antibacterial agents since the nineteenth century, and its uses have now diversified to include many New physical, chemical and biological specializations. Ag-NPs are one of the most widespread silver nanoparticles, with about 500 tons of annual global production .The demand for secondary story particles (Ag - NPS) is increasing in abundance to be used in many applications Fields such as medicine, pharmacy, companies, healthcare, food, cosmetics, etc. Considering their various properties (physical, chemical, and biological), they can be exploited for different purposes. There are many ways to prepare Ag-NPs, including physical, chemical, and biological.Although there are many types of nanomaterials, Ag-NPs have proven to be the most effective for their resistance to microbes, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms. On the other hand, we find that the biosynthesis of secondary silver particles, has become an emerging branch of nanotechnology, as microorganisms and plant extracts have recently been used in the synthesis of nanoparticles because they are rich in biologically active compounds.

Assessment of Nurses' Performance Regarding Nursing Documentation in Pediatric Wards at Mosul Hospitals

Wissam Mohammed Jasem, Nasir Muwfaq Younis — Fri, 12 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nursing documentation should have desirable and comprehensive conditions, in a way that it results in acceding to documentation goals, such as communication, educational, research, monitoring and evaluation goals of the health system and obtaining necessary information on patients based on proper principles, Additionally, desirable documentation should have accurate information on nursing examinations, patient problems, caring plans, daily progress course, educational plans and discharge plan.

Objectives: To determine the to assess of Nurses' Performance Regarding Nursing Documentation in Pediatric Wards at Mosul Hospitals.

Methods: A simple random sample with probability of 60 sample was conducted to assess of Nurses' Performance Regarding Nursing Documentation in Pediatric Wards at Mosul Hospitals. The information used in this study was acquired by a questionnaire that have three sections: section I, which describes the employees socio-economic demographic characteristics features as(age, gender, level of educational, and Have you participated in training courses), section II :Related to Nurses' knowledge Regarding Nursing Documentation in Pediatric Wards at Mosul Hospitals and the section III, includes Nurses' practice Regarding Nursing Documentation in Pediatric Wards at Mosul Hospitals. Data is analyzed using the "Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software for Windows (Version 26)"

Results: This finding the show nurses participating in the study were of the age of (30-34), with a percentage of about 35%. Likewise, women were more involved in the study 60%.While the highest cultural level were graduates of School Nursing 40%, 53% of the sample did not have any training course specializing in nursing documentation.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the Nurses Knowledge and practice towards of nursing documentation was poor.

Assessment of Nurses Knowledge Regarding Blood Exchange Transfusion at Mosul Neonatal Care Units

Amwaj Saad Aldeen Ahmed, Nasir Muwfaq Younis — Fri, 12 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is the most common clinical problem in the new born period Phototherapy has become the routine both for treatment of neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia and for prophylaxis in high risk patients such as preterm infants.

Objectives: To aim to assess of Nurses Knowledge Regarding Blood Exchange Transfusion at Mosul Neonatal Care Units

Methods: Purposive Sampling ( Non probability ) to determine the assess of Nurses Knowledge Regarding Blood Exchange Transfusion at Mosul Neonatal Care Units. The sample was collected for the study in Mosul neonatal care units that they was )60 ) nurse who are works in neonatal care units. Data is analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software for Windows (Version 26).

Results: The finding results refer to age of (31-35), with a percentage of about 33.33%. Likewise, women were more involved in the study 56.67%.While the highest cultural level were graduates of nursing institutes 43.34%, Sixty percent of the sample did not have any training course specializing in blood transfusion among newborns.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the knowledge of nurses who worked in pediatric care units regarding the blood transfusion process was very weak and poor, and the main reason is the lack of training courses dealing with this topic.

Assessment of Self-Management Behavioral Skill among Patients with Diabetic type II in Mosul City

Musab Mohammad Mahmoud, Mahmoud Mohammad Ahmed — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objective:

Diabetes must be successfully controlled throughout life by adhering to a variety of self-management practices and working closely with healthcare professionals. the study aims to assess self-management behavioral skills among patients with diabetic type II in Mosul City.

Methodology:

A descriptive study design was conducted in Al-Wafaa Specialized Health Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology in Mosul to assess diabetic self-management behavior among patients with type II for the period from November 20, 2023 until February 15, 2024. A non-probability (purposive) sampling method was used to selected (383) patients. The data were collected through developed questionnaire based on the previous study. The data were collected through face-to-face intervention. Descriptive statistics were used by SPSS software version 26.

Results:

The study results showed that most of the participants sometimes adheres to healthy eating behaviors (10.80), and it showed that majority of the study sample members do not engage in physical activity to control diabetes, with mean rank (12.00), The highest of the study participant answer (never) regarding monitoring the blood glucose and medication adherence (8.80)

Conclusion:

The study concluded that the dietary behaviors of diabetic patients were moderate, while their behaviors regarding physical activity, adherence to prescribed medications, and monitoring blood sugar were weak.